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http://schema.org/name Federica Foglini https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2736-0052 http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#type http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/Agent https://w3id.org/ro-id/4e5fe683-1b85-4457-8f22-5eccf858c728/#enrichment_service-account-enrichment http://schema.org/name service-account-enrichment https://w3id.org/ro-id/4e5fe683-1b85-4457-8f22-5eccf858c728/#enrichment_service-account-enrichment http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#type http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/Agent https://w3id.org/ro-id/4e5fe683-1b85-4457-8f22-5eccf858c728/ http://schema.org/about http://eurovoc.europa.eu/3925 https://w3id.org/ro-id/4e5fe683-1b85-4457-8f22-5eccf858c728/ http://schema.org/author https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2736-0052 https://w3id.org/ro-id/4e5fe683-1b85-4457-8f22-5eccf858c728/ http://schema.org/contentSize 5113 https://w3id.org/ro-id/4e5fe683-1b85-4457-8f22-5eccf858c728/ http://schema.org/contentUrl https://api.rohub.org/api/ros/4e5fe683-1b85-4457-8f22-5eccf858c728/crate/download/ https://w3id.org/ro-id/4e5fe683-1b85-4457-8f22-5eccf858c728/ http://schema.org/creator mailto:service-account-generation-service https://w3id.org/ro-id/4e5fe683-1b85-4457-8f22-5eccf858c728/ http://schema.org/dateCreated 2021-12-10 09:57:18.925998+00:00 https://w3id.org/ro-id/4e5fe683-1b85-4457-8f22-5eccf858c728/ http://schema.org/dateModified 2025-03-05 00:55:11.439101+00:00 https://w3id.org/ro-id/4e5fe683-1b85-4457-8f22-5eccf858c728/ http://schema.org/datePublished 2021-12-10 09:57:18.925998+00:00 https://w3id.org/ro-id/4e5fe683-1b85-4457-8f22-5eccf858c728/ http://schema.org/description The COVID-19 pandemic dramatically changed the way of living of billions of people in a very short time frame. In this paper, we evaluate the impact on the Internet latency caused by the increased amount of human activities that are carried out on-line. The study focuses on Italy, which experienced significant restrictions imposed by local authorities, but results about Spain, France, Germany, Sweden, and the whole of Europe are also included. The analysis of a large set of measurements shows that the impact on the network can be significant, especially in terms of increased variability of latency. In Italy we observed that the standard deviation of the average additional delay - the additional time with respect to the minimum delay of the paths in the region - during lockdown is similar to 3 - 4 times as much as the value before the pandemic. Similarly, in Italy, packet loss is similar to 2 - 3 times as much as before the pandemic. The impact is not negligible also for the other countries and for the whole of Europe, but with different levels and distinct patterns. https://w3id.org/ro-id/4e5fe683-1b85-4457-8f22-5eccf858c728/ http://schema.org/encodingFormat application/ld+json https://w3id.org/ro-id/4e5fe683-1b85-4457-8f22-5eccf858c728/ http://schema.org/hasPart https://w3id.org/ro-id/4e5fe683-1b85-4457-8f22-5eccf858c728/resources/d747417a-4572-48c5-ac2e-4adb0d8e042b https://w3id.org/ro-id/4e5fe683-1b85-4457-8f22-5eccf858c728/ http://schema.org/identifier https://w3id.org/ro-id/4e5fe683-1b85-4457-8f22-5eccf858c728 https://w3id.org/ro-id/4e5fe683-1b85-4457-8f22-5eccf858c728/ http://schema.org/license https://choosealicense.com/no-permission/ https://w3id.org/ro-id/4e5fe683-1b85-4457-8f22-5eccf858c728/ http://schema.org/name Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the Internet latency: A large-scale study https://w3id.org/ro-id/4e5fe683-1b85-4457-8f22-5eccf858c728/ http://w3id.org/ro-id/rohub/model#creation_mode MANUAL https://w3id.org/ro-id/4e5fe683-1b85-4457-8f22-5eccf858c728/ http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#type http://purl.org/wf4ever/ro#ResearchObject https://w3id.org/ro-id/4e5fe683-1b85-4457-8f22-5eccf858c728/ http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#type http://purl.org/wf4ever/roevo#LiveRO https://w3id.org/ro-id/4e5fe683-1b85-4457-8f22-5eccf858c728/ http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#type http://schema.org/Dataset https://w3id.org/ro-id/4e5fe683-1b85-4457-8f22-5eccf858c728/ http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#type http://w3id.org/ro/earth-science#BibliographyResearchObject https://w3id.org/ro-id/4e5fe683-1b85-4457-8f22-5eccf858c728/ http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#type https://w3id.org/ro/terms/earth-science#BibliographyResearchObject https://w3id.org/ro-id/4e5fe683-1b85-4457-8f22-5eccf858c728/ https://www.w3.org/ns/iana/link-relations/relation#cite-as Foglini, Federica. "Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the Internet latency: A large-scale study." ROHub. Dec 10 ,2021. https://w3id.org/ro-id/4e5fe683-1b85-4457-8f22-5eccf858c728. https://w3id.org/ro-id/4e5fe683-1b85-4457-8f22-5eccf858c728/resources/d747417a-4572-48c5-ac2e-4adb0d8e042b http://schema.org/author mailto:service-account-generation-service https://w3id.org/ro-id/4e5fe683-1b85-4457-8f22-5eccf858c728/resources/d747417a-4572-48c5-ac2e-4adb0d8e042b http://schema.org/contentSize 145 https://w3id.org/ro-id/4e5fe683-1b85-4457-8f22-5eccf858c728/resources/d747417a-4572-48c5-ac2e-4adb0d8e042b http://schema.org/contentUrl https://api.rohub.org/api/resources/d747417a-4572-48c5-ac2e-4adb0d8e042b/download/ https://w3id.org/ro-id/4e5fe683-1b85-4457-8f22-5eccf858c728/resources/d747417a-4572-48c5-ac2e-4adb0d8e042b http://schema.org/creator mailto:service-account-generation-service https://w3id.org/ro-id/4e5fe683-1b85-4457-8f22-5eccf858c728/resources/d747417a-4572-48c5-ac2e-4adb0d8e042b http://schema.org/dateCreated 2021-12-10 09:57:21.206682+00:00 https://w3id.org/ro-id/4e5fe683-1b85-4457-8f22-5eccf858c728/resources/d747417a-4572-48c5-ac2e-4adb0d8e042b http://schema.org/dateModified 2021-12-10 09:57:21.208536+00:00 https://w3id.org/ro-id/4e5fe683-1b85-4457-8f22-5eccf858c728/resources/d747417a-4572-48c5-ac2e-4adb0d8e042b http://schema.org/description The COVID-19 pandemic dramatically changed the way of living of billions of people in a very short time frame. In this paper, we evaluate the impact on the Internet latency caused by the increased amount of human activities that are carried out on-line. The study focuses on Italy, which experienced significant restrictions imposed by local authorities, but results about Spain, France, Germany, Sweden, and the whole of Europe are also included. The analysis of a large set of measurements shows that the impact on the network can be significant, especially in terms of increased variability of latency. In Italy we observed that the standard deviation of the average additional delay - the additional time with respect to the minimum delay of the paths in the region - during lockdown is similar to 3 - 4 times as much as the value before the pandemic. Similarly, in Italy, packet loss is similar to 2 - 3 times as much as before the pandemic. The impact is not negligible also for the other countries and for the whole of Europe, but with different levels and distinct patterns. https://w3id.org/ro-id/4e5fe683-1b85-4457-8f22-5eccf858c728/resources/d747417a-4572-48c5-ac2e-4adb0d8e042b http://schema.org/encodingFormat text/plain https://w3id.org/ro-id/4e5fe683-1b85-4457-8f22-5eccf858c728/resources/d747417a-4572-48c5-ac2e-4adb0d8e042b http://schema.org/license https://choosealicense.com/no-permission/ https://w3id.org/ro-id/4e5fe683-1b85-4457-8f22-5eccf858c728/resources/d747417a-4572-48c5-ac2e-4adb0d8e042b http://schema.org/name Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the Internet latency: A large-scale study https://w3id.org/ro-id/4e5fe683-1b85-4457-8f22-5eccf858c728/resources/d747417a-4572-48c5-ac2e-4adb0d8e042b http://schema.org/sdDatePublished 2021-12-10 09:57:21.206682+00:00 https://w3id.org/ro-id/4e5fe683-1b85-4457-8f22-5eccf858c728/resources/d747417a-4572-48c5-ac2e-4adb0d8e042b http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#type http://purl.org/wf4ever/wf4ever#Resource https://w3id.org/ro-id/4e5fe683-1b85-4457-8f22-5eccf858c728/resources/d747417a-4572-48c5-ac2e-4adb0d8e042b http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#type http://schema.org/MediaObject https://w3id.org/ro-id/4e5fe683-1b85-4457-8f22-5eccf858c728/ro-crate-metadata.json http://purl.org/dc/terms/conformsTo https://w3id.org/ro/crate/1.1 https://w3id.org/ro-id/4e5fe683-1b85-4457-8f22-5eccf858c728/ro-crate-metadata.json http://schema.org/about https://w3id.org/ro-id/4e5fe683-1b85-4457-8f22-5eccf858c728/ https://w3id.org/ro-id/4e5fe683-1b85-4457-8f22-5eccf858c728/ro-crate-metadata.json http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#type http://schema.org/CreativeWork mailto:service-account-generation-service http://schema.org/name service-account-generation-service mailto:service-account-generation-service http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#type http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/Agent https://w3id.org/np/RATm03sQ4DiP4GKnpIOGOuzf_Alt5oKdDfdDoZuf8cHLk/provenance https://w3id.org/np/RATm03sQ4DiP4GKnpIOGOuzf_Alt5oKdDfdDoZuf8cHLk/assertion http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#wasDerivedFrom https://api.rohub.org/api/ros/4e5fe683-1b85-4457-8f22-5eccf858c728/crate/download/ro-crate-metadata.json https://w3id.org/np/RATm03sQ4DiP4GKnpIOGOuzf_Alt5oKdDfdDoZuf8cHLk/pubinfo https://w3id.org/np/RATm03sQ4DiP4GKnpIOGOuzf_Alt5oKdDfdDoZuf8cHLk http://purl.org/dc/terms/created 2026-03-03T16:44:20.190+01:00 https://w3id.org/np/RATm03sQ4DiP4GKnpIOGOuzf_Alt5oKdDfdDoZuf8cHLk http://purl.org/dc/terms/creator https://w3id.org/kpxl/gen/terms/RoCrateBot https://w3id.org/np/RATm03sQ4DiP4GKnpIOGOuzf_Alt5oKdDfdDoZuf8cHLk http://purl.org/nanopub/x/introduces https://w3id.org/ro-id/4e5fe683-1b85-4457-8f22-5eccf858c728/ https://w3id.org/np/RATm03sQ4DiP4GKnpIOGOuzf_Alt5oKdDfdDoZuf8cHLk http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#type http://purl.org/nanopub/x/RoCrateNanopub https://w3id.org/np/RATm03sQ4DiP4GKnpIOGOuzf_Alt5oKdDfdDoZuf8cHLk http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#label Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the Internet latency: A large-scale study https://w3id.org/np/RATm03sQ4DiP4GKnpIOGOuzf_Alt5oKdDfdDoZuf8cHLk/sig http://purl.org/nanopub/x/hasAlgorithm RSA https://w3id.org/np/RATm03sQ4DiP4GKnpIOGOuzf_Alt5oKdDfdDoZuf8cHLk/sig http://purl.org/nanopub/x/hasPublicKey MIIBIjANBgkqhkiG9w0BAQEFAAOCAQ8AMIIBCgKCAQEAxszSDYX5tuCSkP7UiCtftYPFNQVTjgNu0I5fwdML2DLRDlp0xzmsQXRk8oHuvwGvG1aMjj6cpUqO+0rz2Sg/wvHOgUpkRH8VJXvmlkhafMLCMtUtk5JIx7e+fkzCby+fnmD7kMkGLrT+OaExWwEDmNlCAt0TPKcHSdwsjso2isXjtAsGevyCMke8ufnFYpjs746JES1eNzVnHnn2Kp/lqcm60GM+J8dLgRZp7fX0anW098xhKym6+xXFzqeju0vYRIHBPerv+r7skWxwk+a7Sd8msqVeYEv6NTqnyWvyWb6Yh8cvj04N6qm/T6C5FUPLQhzSaQgMVMU6yLqjPuu9DwIDAQAB https://w3id.org/np/RATm03sQ4DiP4GKnpIOGOuzf_Alt5oKdDfdDoZuf8cHLk/sig http://purl.org/nanopub/x/hasSignature Gzm9p7PE1w3YKMRpwTYDWXWyczlW4skIHBkdSlQi0B4CVQdB06LT1/E7qjxo1wGLFJ6k7t/NvNYpsCfIoxYURE8jeZJ/HCWCqqI1S5/9xWMp8zMsrkie9E4X92skOMa3D/uiiFd3tNACueV2LPY9unQS5R/srKRqrPFkOrRNvXv1+qQFyQrt9+KKQt0VOjILyyicLuFTGc/C9b2/TOCufY5D82f9wBQ0VYCj+g7ussEVfrsByernJnI2gd4M0STLhSThEd/nfa7roQDdFWqNH1jFwJJXhkvzGefLq+llQJhR718wTym0BFdr51Pb6SDpmMvmxLECjCLu6LqPtsDA3Q== https://w3id.org/np/RATm03sQ4DiP4GKnpIOGOuzf_Alt5oKdDfdDoZuf8cHLk/sig http://purl.org/nanopub/x/hasSignatureTarget https://w3id.org/np/RATm03sQ4DiP4GKnpIOGOuzf_Alt5oKdDfdDoZuf8cHLk https://w3id.org/np/RATm03sQ4DiP4GKnpIOGOuzf_Alt5oKdDfdDoZuf8cHLk/sig http://purl.org/nanopub/x/signedBy https://w3id.org/kpxl/gen/terms/RoCrateBot